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Rev. Mod. Phys. 82, 53–107 (2010)

Magnetic pyrochlore oxides

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Jason S. Gardner*
NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-6102, USA and Indiana University, 2401 Milo B. Sampson Lane, Bloomington, Indiana 47408-1398, USA

Michel J. P. Gingras
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1 and Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, 180 Dundas Street West, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1Z8

John E. Greedan
Department of Chemistry and Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4M1

Published 26 January 2010

Within the past 20 years or so, there has occurred an explosion of interest in the magnetic behavior of pyrochlore oxides of the type A23+B24+O7, where A is a rare-earth ion and B is usually a transition metal. Both the A and B sites form a network of corner-sharing tetrahedra which is the quintessential framework for a geometrically frustrated magnet. In these systems the natural tendency to form long-range ordered ground states in accord with the third law of thermodynamics is frustrated, resulting in some novel short-range ordered alternatives, such as spin glasses, spin ices, and spin liquids, and much new physics. This article attempts to review the myriad of properties found in pyrochlore oxides, mainly from a materials perspective, but with an appropriate theoretical context.

© 2010 The American Physical Society

URL:
http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.82.53
DOI:
10.1103/RevModPhys.82.53
PACS:
74.25.Ha, 75.40.Cx, 75.25.-j

*jsg@nist.gov

gingras@gandalf.uwaterloo.ca

greedan@univmail.cis.mcmaster.ca